Global crypto regulation emerges as catalyst for institutional adoption
As stablecoin rules tighten and reporting deadlines loom, banks and enterprises treat compliance as a blueprint for scale
A sweeping shift is underway in global crypto policy. Once framed primarily as a defensive response to market volatility, fraud, and consumer harm, regulation is increasingly becoming a structural enabler of institutional adoption. Stablecoins, tokenized assets, and enterprise blockchain systems are now being designed around regulatory expectations rather than despite them.
Across major jurisdictions, policymakers are converging on a shared objective: creating credible, enforceable rules that enable digital assets to integrate with mainstream financial systems. The result is a regulatory environment that, while still complex, is giving banks, asset managers, and large enterprises the clarity they have long demanded.
“Stablecoins are becoming part of a bank‑grade framework, with strong rules around reserves and redemption,” said Helen Disney, founder and chief executive of Unblocked. “Anti‑money laundering requirements, the travel rule, and cross‑border supervision are tightening, and pressure from the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) is forcing countries to move from high‑level principles into detailed implementation.”
She said that as these institutional‑grade rules take shape, tokenization has quietly emerged as one of the biggest beneficiaries.
“As regulatory clarity improves, larger banks and financial market institutions are accelerating tokenization efforts, including projects around wholesale settlement using stablecoins,” Disney said.
James Burnie, a partner at gunnercooke LLP, said global regulators increasingly view stablecoins as a strategic issue rather than a purely technical one.
“Stablecoins are probably the most political digital asset product globally right now,” Burnie said. “In Europe, there is clear concern about the dominance of US dollar‑denominated stablecoins and the implications for capital flows and monetary sovereignty.”
He said this has contributed to stricter scrutiny of reserve location, issuer authorization, and interest‑bearing features. In contrast, the US has drawn on historical banking precedents to reintroduce private currency issuance under modern regulatory controls.
Burnie said these differences do not undermine adoption but shape how products are structured.
“What we are seeing is not deregulation, but jurisdiction‑specific optimization,” he said. “Firms are adapting products to fit regulatory expectations rather than avoiding regulation altogether.”
Regulation drivers
Understanding why regulation has accelerated requires stepping back from individual jurisdictions and examining broader global drivers.
Kate Baucherel, an author and consultant specializing in emerging technologies, said the global regulatory landscape can appear fragmented when viewed country by country. She said clearer patterns emerge at a higher level.
“There are four key forces shaping crypto regulation globally,” Baucherel said. “They are international standard‑setters, consumer protection, economic competition between jurisdictions, and political will.”
She said organizations such as FATF, the Financial Stability Board (FSB), the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO), and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) are exerting unprecedented influence. Their recommendations are no longer optional guidance but practical benchmarks that jurisdictions must meet to maintain market access and financial credibility.
Baucherel pointed to the OECD’s Crypto‑Asset Reporting Framework (CARF) as a turning point. The framework will enable the automatic exchange of crypto‑asset transaction data between tax authorities from January 1, 2026.
“Academic research shows a very high proportion of crypto activity has historically gone unreported,” she said. “That is no longer sustainable, and CARF is designed to close that gap.”
Global policy momentum
At a webinar organized by the London Blockchain Conference’s webinar team on December 10, speakers examined how global crypto regulation is reshaping enterprise strategy, market access, and institutional adoption.
The discussion, moderated by Helen Disney, brought together policy specialists, legal experts, and industry advisers to assess how frameworks such as the European Union’s Markets in Crypto‑Assets Regulation (MiCA), FATF standards, and emerging US and UK rules are converging ahead of 2026.
Political signaling has become another decisive factor in how quickly regulatory frameworks move from concept to implementation.
Laura Navaratnam, UK policy lead at the Crypto Council for Innovation (CCI), said recent developments in the United States illustrate how rapidly regulatory posture can change when political priorities align. She said the US has pivoted from skepticism toward digital assets to a more proactive stance, particularly on stablecoins.
“The US has moved very quickly once there was political alignment,” Navaratnam said. “If the political will is there and regulators are empowered to act, things can progress at speed.”
She said the US approach to stablecoin regulation, particularly through the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins Act (GENIUS Act), shows how high-level legislative frameworks are now being followed by detailed rulemaking from federal agencies. While the framework is not yet complete, it has provided markets with a clearer signal that stablecoins are expected to operate within a formal regulatory perimeter.
Navaratnam said similar convergence is visible between the US and UK on core principles, including one-to-one reserve backing with high-quality liquid assets, segregation of reserves, and enforceable redemption standards.
“At a global level, there is much more alignment than many people assume,” she said, while noting that differences in implementation and supervisory approach will continue to shape market outcomes.
Europe’s compliance model
In Europe, the Markets in Crypto‑Assets Regulation (MiCA) is reshaping how crypto businesses approach market entry.
Olga Antonova, a senior associate at gunnercooke LLP, said MiCA introduces a comprehensive licensing regime for crypto‑asset service providers while deliberately excluding areas such as non‑fungible tokens and truly decentralized finance.
“MiCA creates three broad token categories and sets clear authorization requirements for service providers,” Antonova said. “Once licensed in one EU member state, firms can passport their services across the bloc, which is a significant commercial advantage.”
She said the regulation is fixed mainly in legislative terms but continues to evolve through technical standards, supervisory guidance, and delegated acts.
“This means compliance is not a one‑off exercise,” she added. “Firms need to monitor regulatory communications continuously.”
MiCA’s structure reflects a broader regulatory philosophy emerging across jurisdictions: compliance by design.
Under this model, regulatory requirements are no longer treated as external constraints but as parameters that shape system architecture from the outset. Token issuance, custody, settlement, and reporting are increasingly expected to embed regulatory controls at the protocol and operational level rather than relying on manual oversight or post-hoc remediation.
Speakers said this shift favors firms with the scale and governance maturity to integrate legal, compliance, and engineering functions more closely. It also creates barriers for smaller or less prepared actors, reinforcing a market structure in which institutional players play an increasingly prominent role.
Preparing for 2026
Across all regions, speakers emphasized that 2026 represents a decisive milestone as reporting obligations, licensing deadlines, and enforcement mechanisms intensify.
“Regulators are moving from consultation to implementation,” said Navaratnam. “Companies should be engaging now, not waiting to see where things land.”
Burnie said regulatory readiness is increasingly being treated as a prerequisite for scale rather than a compliance afterthought.
He said large organizations are no longer experimenting at the margins but are designing systems with regulation in mind from the outset because that is the only way such projects can scale.
Disney said this reflects lessons learned from earlier crypto cycles.
She said earlier crypto cycles were characterized by innovation preceding regulatory engagement, but firms now want to understand the rules before committing serious capital, staff, and infrastructure.
Speakers said this shift is pushing enterprises toward jurisdictions with clearer supervisory frameworks and accelerating the move from pilot projects to production-scale deployment, particularly in areas such as tokenized deposits, payments infrastructure, and cross-border trade.
As global frameworks converge, the challenge for policymakers will be to maintain momentum without fragmenting markets. At the same time, enterprises increasingly design products around regulatory clarity as a foundation for long-term growth.